Atomic Number | Name | Symbol | Electronic Configuration | Isotopes | Oxidation | Electronegativity | Atomic Mass Number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | Hydrogen | H | 1s1 | 1H 2H 3H | +1 -1 | 2.2 | 1.008 |
1 | Helium | He | 1s² | 3He 4He | - | - | 4.003 |
2 | Lithium | Li | [He]2s1 | 6Li 7Li | +1 | 0.98 | 6.941 |
3 | Beryllium | Be | [He]2s² | 9Be | +2 | 1.57 | 9.012 |
4 | Boron | B | [He]2s²2p1 | 10B 11B | ±3 | 2.04 | 10.811 |
5 | Carbon | C | [He]2s²2p² | 12C 13C 14C | +2 ±4 | 2.55 | 12.011 |
6 | Nitrogen | N | [He]2s²2p³ | 14N 15N | +4 +5 ±1 ±2 ±3 | 3.04 | 14.007 |
7 | Oxygen | O | [He]2s²2p4 | 16O 17O 18O | -2 -1 | 3.44 | 15.999 |
8 | Fluorine | F | [He]2s²2p5 | 19F | -1 | 3.98 | 18.998 |
9 | Neon | Ne | [He]2s²2p6 | 20Ne 21Ne 22Ne | - | 0 | 20.18 |
10 | Sodium | Na | [Ne]3s1 | 23Na | +1 | 0.93 | 22.99 |
11 | Magnesium | Mg | [Ne]3s² | 24Mg 25Mg 26Mg | +2 | 1.31 | 24.305 |
12 | Aluminum | Al | [Ne]3s²3p1 | 27Al | +3 | 1.61 | 26.982 |
13 | Silicon | Si | [Ne]3s²3p² | 28Si 29Si 30Si | +2 ±4 | 1.9 | 28.086 |
14 | Phosphorus | P | [Ne]3s²3p³ | 31P | ±3 +5 | 2.19 | 30.974 |
15 | Sulfur | S | [Ne]3s²3p4 | 32S 33S 34S 36S | ±2 +4 +6 | 2.58 | 32.066 |
16 | Chlorine | Cl | [Ne]3s²3p5 | 35Cl 37Cl | ±1 +3 +5 +7 | 3.16 | 35.453 |
17 | Argon | Ar | [Ne]3s²3p6 | 36Ar 38Ar 40Ar | - | 0 | 39.948 |
18 | Potassium | K | [Ar]4s1 | 39K 40K 41K | 1 | 0.82 | 39.098 |
19 | Calcium | Ca | [Ar]4s² | 40Ca 42Ca 43Ca 44Ca 46Ca 48Ca | 2 | 1 | 40.078 |
20 | Scandium | Sc | [Ar]3d14s² | 45Sc | 3 | 1.36 | 44.956 |
21 | Titanium | Ti | [Ar]3d²4s² | 46Ti 47Ti 48Ti 49Ti 50Ti | +2 +3 +4 | 1.54 | 47.88 |
22 | Vanadium | V | [Ar]3d³4s² | 50V 51V | +2 +3 +4 +5 | 1.63 | 50.942 |
23 | Chromium | Cr | [Ar]3d44s2 | 50Cr 52Cr 53Cr 54Cr | +2 +3 +6 | 1.66 | 51.996 |
24 | Manganese | Mn | [Ar]3d54s² | 55Mn | +2 +3 +4 +6 +7 | 1.55 | 54.938 |
25 | Iron | Fe | [Ar]3d64s² | 54Fe 56Fe 57Fe 58Fe | +2 +3 | 1.83 | 55.847 |
26 | Cobalt | Co | [Ar]3d74s² | 59Co | +2 +3 | 1.88 | 58.933 |
27 | Nickel | Ni | [Ar]3d84s² | 58Ni 60Ni 61Ni 62Ni 64Ni | +2 +3 | 1.91 | 58.693 |
28 | Copper | Cu | [Ar]3d104s1 | 63Cu 65Cu | +1 +2 | 1.9 | 63.546 |
29 | Zinc | Zn | [Ar]3d104s² | 64Zn 66Zn 67Zn 68Zn 70Zn | +2 | 1.65 | 65.39 |
30 | Gallium | Ga | [Ar]3d104s²4p1 | 69Ga 70Ga | +1 +3 | 1.81 | 69.723 |
31 | Germanium | Ge | [Ar]3d104s²4p² | 70Ge 72Ge 73Ge 74Ge 76Ge | +2 +4 | 2.01 | 72.61 |
32 | Arsenic | As | [Ar]3d104s²4p³ | 75As | ±3 +5 | 2.18 | 74.922 |
33 | Selenium | Se | [Ar]3d104s²4p4 | 74Se 76Se 77Se 78Se 80Se 82Se | -2 +4 +6 | 2.55 | 78.96 |
34 | Bromine | Br | [Ar]3d104s²4p5 | 79Br 81Br | ±1 +3 +5 +7 | 2.96 | 79.904 |
35 | Krypton | Kr | [Ar]3d104s²4p6 | 78Kr 80Kr 82Kr 83Kr 84Kr 86Kr | - | 0 | 83.8 |
36 | Rubidium | Rb | [Kr]5s1 | 85Rb 87Rb | +1 | 0.82 | 85.468 |
37 | Strontium | Sr | [Kr]5s² | 84Sr 86Sr 87Sr 88Sr | +2 | 0.95 | 87.62 |
38 | Yttrium | Y | [Kr]4d15s² | 89Y | +3 | 1.22 | 88.906 |
39 | Zirconium | Zr | [Kr]4d²5s² | 90Zi 91Zi 92Zi 94Zi 96Zi | +3 +4 | 1.33 | 91.224 |
40 | Niobium | Nb | [Kr]4d45s1 | 93Nb | +2 +3 +4 +5 | 1.6 | 92.906 |
41 | Molybdenum | Mo | [Kr]4d55s1 | 92Mo 94Mo 95Mo 96Mo 97Mo 98Mo 100Mo | +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 | 2.16 | 95.94 |
42 | Technetium | Tc | [Kr]4d55s2 | 98Tc | +4 +5 +6 +7 | 1.9 | 97.907 |
43 | Ruthenium | Ru | [Kr]4d75s1 | 96Ru 98Ru 99Ru 100Ru 101Ru 102Ru 104Ru | +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 | 2.2 | 101.07 |
44 | Rhodium | Rh | [Kr]4d85s1 | 103Rh | +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 | 2.28 | 102.905 |
45 | Palladium | Pd | [Kr]4d10 | 102Pd 104Pd 105Pd 106Pd 108Pd 110Pd | +2 +4 | 2.2 | 106.42 |
46 | Silver | Ag | [Kr]4d105s1 | 107Ag 109Ag | +1 | 1.93 | 107.868 |
47 | Cadmium | Cd | [Kr]4d105s² | 106Cd 108Cd 110Cd 111Cd 112Cd 113Cd 114Cd 116Cd | +2 | 1.69 | 112.411 |
48 | Indium | In | [Kr]4d105s²5p1 | 113In 115In | +1 +3 | 1.78 | 114.818 |
49 | Tin | Sn | [Kr]4d105s²5p² | 112Sn 114Sn 115Sn 116Sn 117Sn 118Sn 119Sn 120Sn 122Sn 124Sn | +2 +4 | 1.96 | 118.71 |
50 | Antimony | Sb | [Kr]4d105s²5p³ | 121Sb 123Sb | ±3 +5 | 2.05 | 121.76 |
51 | Tellurium | Te | [Kr]4d105s²5p4 | 120Te 122Te 123Te 124Te 125Te 126Te 128Te 130Te | ±2 +4 +6 | 2.1 | 127.6 |
52 | Iodine | I | [Kr]4d105s²5p5 | 127I | ±1 +3 +5 +7 | 2.66 | 126.904 |
53 | Xenon | Xe | [Kr]4d105s²5p6 | 124Xe 126Xe 128Xe 129Xe 130Xe 131Xe 132Xe 134Xe 136Xe | - | 0 | 131.29 |
54 | Cesium | Cs | [Xe]6s1 | 136Cs | +1 | 0.79 | 132.905 |
55 | Barium | Ba | [Xe]6s² | 130Ba 132Ba 134Ba 135Ba 136Ba 137Ba 138Ba | +2 | 0.89 | 137.327 |
56 | Lanthanum | La | [Xe]6d16s² | 138La 139La | +3 | 1.1 | 138.905 |
57 | Cerium | Ce | [Xe]4f15d16s² | 136Ce 138Ce 140Ce 142Ce | +3 +4 | 1.12 | 140.115 |
58 | Praseodymium | Pr | [Xe]4f³6s² | 141Pr | +3 +4 | 1.13 | 140.908 |
59 | Neodymium | Nd | [Xe]4f46s² | 142Nd 143Nd 144Nd 145Nd 146Nd 148Nd 150Nd | +3 | 1.14 | 144.24 |
60 | Promethium | Pm | [Xe]4f56s² | 145Pm | +3 | 0 | 144.913 |
61 | Samarium | Sm | [Xe]4f66s² | 144Sm 147Sm 148Sm 149Sm 150Sm 152Sm 154Sm | +2 +3 | 1.17 | 150.36 |
62 | Europium | Eu | [Xe]4f76s² | 151Eu 153Eu | +2 +3 | 0 | 151.965 |
63 | Gadolinium | Gd | [Xe]4f75d16s² | 152Gd 154Gd 155Gd 156Gd 157Gd 158Gd 160Gd | +3 | 1.2 | 157.25 |
64 | Terbium | Tb | [Xe]4f96s² | 159Tb | +3 +4 | 1.2 | 158.925 |
65 | Dysprosium | Dy | [Xe]4f106s² | 156Dy 158Dy 160Dy 161Dy 162Dy 163Dy 164Dy | +3 | - | 162.5 |
66 | Holmium | Ho | [Xe]4f116s² | 165Ho | +3 | 1.23 | 164.93 |
67 | Erbium | Er | [Xe]4f126s² | 162Er 164Er 166Er 167Er 168Er 170Er | +3 | 1.24 | 167.26 |
68 | Thulium | Tm | [Xe]4f136s² | 169Tm | +2 +3 | 1.25 | 168.934 |
69 | Ytterbium | Yb | [Xe]4f146s² | 168Yb 170Yb 171Yb 172Yb 173Yb 174Yb 176Yb | +2 +3 | 1.1 | 173.04 |
70 | Lutetium | Lu | [Xe]4f145d16s² | 175Lu 176Lu | +3 | 1.27 | 174.967 |
71 | Hafnium | Hf | [Xe]4f145d²6s² | 174Hf 176Hf 177Hf 178Hf 179Hf 180Hf | +3 +4 | 1.3 | 178.49 |
72 | Tantalum | Ta | [Xe]4f145d³6s² | 180Ta 181Ta | +3 +4 +5 | 1.5 | 180.948 |
73 | Tungsten | W | [Xe]4f145d46s² | 180W 182W 183W 184W 186W | +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 | 1.7 | 183.84 |
74 | Rhenium | Re | [Xe]4f145d56s² | 185Re 187Re | +2 +4 +6 +7 -1 | 1.9 | 186.207 |
75 | Osmium | Os | [Xe]4f145d66s² | 184Os 186Os 187Os 188Os 189Os 190Os 192Os | 0 +2 +4 +6 +8 -2 | 2.2 | 190.23 |
76 | Iridium | Ir | [Xe]4f145d76s² | 191Ir 193Ir | 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +6 -1 | 2.2 | 192.22 |
77 | Platinum | Pt | [Xe]4f145d96s1 | 190Pt 192Pt 194Pt 195Pt 196Pt 198Pt | +2 +4 | 2.28 | 195.08 |
78 | Gold | Au | [Xe]4f145d106s1 | 197Au | +1 +3 | 2.54 | 196.966 |
79 | Mercury | Hg | [Xe]4f145d106s² | 196Hg 198Hg 199Hg 200Hg 201Hg 202Hg 204Hg | +1 +2 | 2 | 200.59 |
80 | Thallium | Tl | [Xe]4f145d106s²6p1 | 203Tl 205Tl | +1 +3 | 1.62 | 204.383 |
81 | Lead | Pb | [Xe]4f145d106s²6p² | 204Pb 206Pb 207Pb 208Pb | +2 +4 | 1.8 | 207.2 |
82 | Bismuth | Bi | [Xe]4f145d106s²6p³ | 209Bi | +3 +5 | 2.02 | 208.98 |
83 | Polonium | Po | [Xe]4f145d106s²6p4 | 209Po | ±2 +4 +6 | 2 | 208.982 |
84 | Astatine | At | [Xe]4f145d106s²6p5 | 210At | ±1 +5 | 2.2 | 209.987 |
85 | Radon | Rn | [Xe]4f145d106s²6p6 | 222Rn | - | - | 222.018 |
86 | Francium | Fr | [Rn]7s1 | 223Fr | +1 | 0.7 | 223.02 |
87 | Radium | Ra | [Rn]7s² | 226Ra | +2 | 0.9 | 226.025 |
88 | Actinium | Ac | [Rn]6d17s² | 227Ac | +3 | 1.1 | 227.028 |
89 | Thorium | Th | [Rn]6d27s² | 232Th | +4 | 1.3 | 232.038 |
90 | Protactinium | Pa | [Rn]5f²6d17s² | 231Pa | +4 +5 | 1.5 | 231.036 |
91 | Uranium | U | [Rn]5f³6d17s² | 233U 234U 235U 236U 238U | +3 +4 +5 +6 | 1.38 | 238.029 |
92 | Neptunium | Np | [Rn]5f46d17s² | 237Np | +3 +4 +5 +6 | 1.36 | 237.048 |
93 | Plutonium | Pu | [Rn]5f67s² | 244Pu | +3 +4 +5 +6 | 1.28 | 244.064 |
94 | Americium | Am | [Rn]5f77s² | 243Am | +3 +4 +5 +6 | 1.3 | 243.061 |
95 | Curium | Cm | [Rn]5f76d17s² | 247Cm | +3 +4 | 1.3 | 247.07 |
96 | Berkelium | Bk | [Rn]5f97s² | 247Bk | +3 +4 | 1.3 | 247.07 |
97 | Californium | Cf | [Rn]5f107s² | 251Cf | +3 +4 | 1.3 | 251.08 |
98 | Einsteinium | Es | [Rn]5f117s² | 252Es | +3 | 1.3 | 252.083 |
99 | Fermium | Fm | [Rn]5f127s² | 257Fm | +3 | 1.3 | 257.095 |
100 | Mendelevium | Md | [Rn]5f137s² | 258Md | +3 | 1.3 | 258.1 |
101 | Nobelium | No | [Rn]5f147s² | 259No | +2 +3 | 1.3 | 259.101 |
102 | Lawrencium | Lr | [Rn]5f147s²7p1 | 262Lr | +3 | - | 262.11 |
103 | Rutherfordium | Rf | [Rn]5f146d²7s² | 263Rf | Desconocido | - | [261] |
104 | Dubnium | Db | [Rn]5f146d³7s² | 262Db | Desconocido | - | [262] |
105 | Seaborgium | Sg | [Rn]5f146d47s² | 266Sg | Desconocido | - | [266] |
106 | Bohrium | Bh | [Rn]5f146d57s² | 264Bh | Desconocido | - | [264] |
107 | Hassium | Hs | [Rn]5f146d67s² | 269Hs | Desconocido | - | [269] |
108 | Meitnerium | Mt | [Rn]5f146d77s² | 268Mt | Desconocido | - | [268] |
109 | Darmstadtium | Ds | [Rn]5f146d97s1 | 281Ds | Desconocido | - | [269] |
110 | Roentgentium | Rg | [Rn]5f146d107s1 | 280Rg | Desconocido | - | [272] |
111 | Copernicum | Cn | [Rn]5f146d107s² | 285Cn | Desconocido | - | [277] |
112 | Nihonium | Nh | [Rn]5f146d107s²7p1 | 286Nh | Desconocido | - | - |
113 | Flerovium | Fl | [Rn]5f146d107s²7p2 | 289Fl | Desconocido | - | [289] |
114 | Moscovium | Mc | [Rn]5f146d107s²7p3 | 289Mc | Desconocido | - | - |
115 | Livermorium | Lv | [Rn]5f146d107s²7p4 | 293Lv | Desconocido | - | - |
116 | Tennessine | Ts | [Rn]5f146d107s²7p5 | 294Ts | Desconocido | - | - |
117 | Oganesson | Og | [Rn]5f146d107s²7p6 | 294Og | Desconocido | - | - |
Atomic Number | Name | Symbol | Electronic Configuration | Isotopos | Oxidation | atomic mass number |
The periodic table shows the chemical elements, ordered by their atomic number, electron configuration, and its chemical properties. Table rows are called periods and columns are called groups.
Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev was the first to publish a recognizable periodic table in 1869. He developed it to illustrate periodic trends of the then-known elements but he also predicted some properties of unidentified elements that were expected to fill gaps within the table.
The first 98 elements exist in nature, although some are found only in trace amounts and others were synthesized in laboratories before being found in nature.
Elements 99 to 118 have been synthesized in laboratories or nuclear reactors. Higher atomic Elements are currently being pursued: these elements would begin an eighth row, and theoretical work has been done to suggest possible candidates for this extension.
Each chemical element has a unique atomic number (Z) and represents the number of protons in its nucleus. Most elements have different numbers of neutrons among different atoms, these variants are referred as isotopes.
The elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number (the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom). A new row (period) is started when a new electron shell has its first electron.
Columns (groups) are determined by the electron configuration of the atom, elements with the same number of electrons in a particular subshell.
Elements in the same group generally have similar chemical properties because they interact with other elements giving, taking or sharing electrons from the same last shell.